Machine fob grinding the teeth of geaes and gear-shaped cutters



Feb. 14, 1928.

O. G. SIMMONS R GRINDING THE'IEETH OF GEARS AND GEAR SHAPED CUTTERS MACHINE- FD Fileci July '28, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 14, 1928.

0. G. SIMMONS MACHINE FOR GRINDING THE TEETH OF GEARS -AND GEAR SHAPED CUTTERS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 28, 1926 111 III INVENTOR Feb. 14, 1928. A 1,659,379

O. G. SIMMONS MACHINE FOR GRINDING THE TEETH OF GEARS AND GEAR SHAPED CUTTERS Filed July 28. 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet a Patented Feb. 14,1928.

UNITED STATES OLIVER G. SIMMONS, OF LAKEWOOD, OHIO.

MACHINE FOR GRINDING THE TEETH OF GEARS AND GEAR-SHAPED CUTTERS.

Application filed July 28,

My invention relates to improved means for producing accurately correlated relative nmvcments between a cutting element and a work spindle, angularly about the axis 6 of the work spindle and linearly in a direction transverse to said axis in order to generate a curvature of predetermined form on the teeth of gears and gear shaped cutters. The invention disclosed in this specification and as illustrated in the drawings to be referred to later, is shown as applied to my machine described and illustrated in my application for Letters Patent of the United States for method of and machine for grinding the teeth of gears and ear shaper cutters, Serial No. 98,791, tiled l i'larch 31st 1926.

in a machine for grinding the teeth of gears and gear shaped cutters and all kindred articles of manufacture where the greatest precision is required, it is essential that the relatively linear and angular movements of the work spindle with respect to the cutting element be correlated, positive and of precise magnitude.

The main object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide correlated positive mechanical means of precise magnitude for machines adapted to generate the curved teeth of gears, gear shaped cutters and all kindred articles of manufacture. A further object of the invention is to provide the work spindle carried by the slide with a gear adapted to mesh with a pinion gear provided with a shaft which is 1ournalled in a portion of the slide the other end portion of said gear pinion shaft being provided with threads adapting same to engage a threaded .ortion in the spindle of the tail-stock memer to cause said slide to move in a rectilinear path with the oscillating motion of si'nd spindle; said rotary motion and said iwrtilincar motion being correlated one with the other. so that as the work spindle is revolved with a uniform spccd or with a nonuniform speed. the rectilinear movement of the slide will be correlated and uniform or non-uniform as the work spindle rotary mo'e'cmcnt is uniform or non-uniform.

A still further object of the invention is to provide the pinion shaft screw thread with a multiple number of threads and a lead to enable gear grinding machines to operate on the describing generating principle of action or on the moldin generating principle of action to pro uce true involute 1926. Serial No. 125,369

curves on the working faces of the teeth of gears, gear shaped cutters or the like. the lead of which involute curve will be greater than that of the lead of the screw threaded portion of the pinion ear shaft.

Another object of the invention resides in the means to move the slide in a rectilinear path independent of 'the means previously referred to as beiiig correlated with the rotary mot-ion of the work spindle.

Other objects of the invention comprise in an apparatus of the character at forth, a cutting element, a slide carrying a work spindle journalled in and disposed trans versely 'thcrcof, av gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shaft journalled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with threaded portion engaging a not ti lly se is cured to a taihstock spindle eidjustahlc axially thereof, a tail-stock fixedly secured to a swivel member, said tail-stool; having jour nalled therein said tail-stock means to adjust said tail-stock spindle axiah 83 iv thereof and fixedly secure same in any predetermined posit-ion, means to angulaiig adjust swivel member upon which is mounted the aforesaid slide to an an le equai to the complemental pressure angle with re spect to the face of the cutting element, means to angular-1y adjust said cutting ele ment about a. vertical center line to the anglc of the helix. of the work, a weight exerting a force to the slide in one direction, and means to cause an oscillating movement to said work spindle whercl id shale caused to reciprocate uniformly or iltlll ltlkl formly as the oscillating movementto the work spindle is uniform or non un rorin.

With the above and other ooj' in view the invention may he said to comprise lT'lQtlti ly the embodiment of the means attained hv the structure iil'ustrated in the accompany ing drawings hereinafter descri. ed and particularly set forth in the appended claims; together with such variations and modifies tions thereof as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which. the "mention appertains. Reference should be had to the accompanving drawings forming a part of this specification.

Fig. 1, is a front view in elevation of a portion of a wcll'known ear and gear shaped cutter grinding mac inc, partly in end-play. The end portion 28 fragmentary section, showing the present invention and its application to that machine. I

Fig. 2, is an enlarged view in sectional elevation of the present invention.

Fig. 3, is a lan view of Fig. 2 partly in section throng the cover showing the relation between the work spindle and the driving gear mounted on said spindle.

Fig. 4 is a lan view of Fig. 1.

Numeral 1 indicates the bed of the machine upon which is mounted upright swivel base 2. The upright 3, is adapted to engage the slide on swivel base 2. through the medium of V-ways, not shown, by means of the screw 4 having threaded engagement with swivel base 2, the hand-wheel 5 being secured to said screw 4. The adjustable vertical slide 6 is adapted to engage V-ways 7 on the upright 3, which the adjustable vertical slide 6 en ages. The cutting element 8. which may e an abrasive wheel or u millin cutter, is carried by e spindle in the slide 6. The cutting element 8 may be rotated b any suitable means. Swivel member 9 is a justably mounted on the bearing carried by the bed 1. Slide 10 engages V-ways on swivel member 9 and is adapted to move in a rectilinear path thereof.

The plate 11 is secured to the end portion of the slide 10'to which is fixedly scoured the eye-bolt 12, through which a cable 13 is passed and secured. The other end of the cable 13 has a weight attached which causes the slide 10 to exert force in the direction of the arrow 14.

The work-sleeve spindle 15 is journolled in a portion of the slide 10, and covered by the dust cover 16 to prevent ingress of dirt or other foreign matter. The gear 17 (preterably bevel gear) is fixedly secured to the work-sleeve spindle 15 and held in place b means of the nuts 18 and 19 which have threaded engagement with said worlvsleeve spindle, see Fig. 3. The pinion gear 20 (preferably pinion bevel) has tooth engagement with said gear 17. The pinion gear is provided with the shoulder 2L and the shaft )ortion 22, adapting ame to he journalled in the hall bearin 533 which are housed in an upper portion 2 1 of the slide 10 and secured in said position by means of 2. portion of the dust cover 16, the bolts being u ed to secure dust cover 16 to slide 'lifi, making a unitary oert of said slide 1%) and dust cover 16.

The ball bearings 23 are known commercially as radio thrust bearings. so that the shoulder 21 of the shaft .22 and the washer 26 and nut .27, having threaded engagement with said shaft 22. provide very suitable means for arranging pinion gear shaft in said slide 10 and eliminate all possibility of of the pinion shaft is provided with the threads shown.

These threads engage the flange nut 29 which is fixedl secured to the tail-stock spindle 30. Tai stock spindle 30 is adapted to he moved longitudinally of its axis in tailstock 34, by means of the screw 31 having thread.- ed engagement with the flange nut whereby spindle 3(7- is moved as the screw 31 is turned by hand, through the medium of the hand-wheel 33. "The slide 10 is moved to the right or left to conditions in practice and this adjustment is indepen ent of otherrectilinear movement of the slide l0.

The spindle 30 of the tailsiock 34 is fixedly secured in any predetermined position by means of the le er which is used commerciallv in connection with teil-stocl s and a old in the art and therefore well understood. The tail-stock 34 at the. lower portion :56 thereof is fixedly secured to the swivel 9 by means of the cep screws 37.

Bed 1, swivel base 2. upright 3. slide 6, cutting element 8, swivel 9, slide 10. cable [3, tail-stock spindle 30. with adjustable screw 31, nut 32. hand-wheel 33, tail-stock low er portion 36 and its connection to swivel 9, through the medium of bolts 37. form a part of the subject matter of my application for patent Sei'ial No. 98.71% pre iou ly i'ri'erz-wi to and are therefore no part of the nrtsent invention.

It now, the Work-sleeve s iindle l? isoiwn rotary motion. uniform or non-nnifm'n 1? gear l7 will cause the pinion gear 20 to r late. The rotation of the pinion 3' will cause shaft 2 and thre, ded po )li to rotate uniformly with said uniform or nonuniform rotary motion of the gear 1?, since the threaded portion 28 oi the pinion shaft has threaded engagement with the tail-stock spindle 30. the slide 10 will be caused to move in a rectilinear path on the swivel 9 and the rcrtilinezir motion of said slide 10 with respect to the rotary motion of the work-sleeve spindle 1:3, will deperul upon the number of teeth in gears 17 and 20 and the lead of the screw threauls 28. it follows therefore that ii a uniform rotary motion given to gear 1?. slide ill will more uniformly in a rectilinear path determined by the ratio between the elements 17, iii and 28. if, however, non-uniform motion is given to gear l", the motion of slide '10 will be uonmniform. but nevertheless correlated therewith and i2. direct ratio of the elements ii, ii and One end portion of the sable I? being secured to the end portion of the slide iii. having 2 weight attached to the other end of said cable 13, will cause slide 10 to move in the direction of the arrow H to a position of rest determined by our lost motion between the nut and the screw threads 28 and the gears 1'7 and 26 thus when force is applied to oscillate the WOTlC- sleeve spindle l5. slide 10 is actuated to more to lift the weight at the end of cable 13 and when the motion of the work-sleeve spindle is reversed to the opposite direction the weight continues to exert its force so that the lost motion, if any exists, between the ears and the screw and the nut will always Ee in the same direction, so that in the functlonal operation of the means herein disclosed in a machine of the character set forth, it will make no difl'erence what the magnitude of the lost motion is between the screw thrusts 28, the nut 29, pinion gear and gear 17. The weight on the end of the cable 13 exertin lorce always in one direction will keep the slide 10 to its lower-niost position to the right of the person viewing the drawing Fig. 1, this pressure being constant will cause the work spindle 15 to exert a constant rotative force in the direction of the arrow and this force will be overcome by the positive mechanical means ap plied to the work-sleeve spindle 15, through the medium of the 'ncnlbers of the connect ing rod 39 and the bell-crank 40 in an application of the present invention to th n1achine referred to.

If now. the machine is operating and the work spindle oscillating and the slide recip rocatiiw as described, it is quite obrious that an additional independent rectilinear movement will be given to the slide 10 i the luunlwheel 33 is rotated. T he object of giving this viinlopendent movement to the slide is fully" set. forth in Letters Patent pel'u'ling in the application herein referred to. it is thought. therciore, that it wdl only be necessary to state that this movement is necessary when grinding gear shaper cutters to enable the flanks of the teeth to be con trolled with respect to tullness of the flank of the gear shaper cutter teeth or non-fullness as the case may be.

This flank fullness is controlled hy the relative movement of slide 10 with respect to the fixed position of the cutting element 8. If no flank fullness required it is only necessary to allow the slide 10 which carries the work spindle 15 to move further to the right. of the person viewing the drawing Fig. i. If. however, flank fullness is rcquired it is merely Elan arv to cause slide -10 to reverse its movement and return to its former position before the center 0 of the work spindle l5 coincides with the cutting face C of the cutting element 8. The po sition of the axis 0, therefore, to the cutting face C is controlled by the position of the tail-stock spindle 30. In grinding gear shape].- cutters which may have helically arranged teeth it is necessary to swivel the cutting element 8 about a vertical axis coincident with the cutting face C. This is provided for in the present invention by means of the swivel upright hose 2. This may be swivelled on bed 1 in a plane perpendicw lar to theplane of the drawing, Fig. 1, to

any desired angle corresponding to the helical angle of the teeth of the gear shaper cutter, plus any additional amount desire-1i for clearance to said teeth and when so swivellcd, said snivel base 2 may be. locked in that position by means of the bolts B pa; ing through an elongated slot in said swii ,-l ba e 2 and having threaded engagement with bed 1.

It was prex'ui' stated that invention herein disclosed is applicable to Winding machines set forth, wherein a swivc member 1) is disposed to the pr ure in'igle desired in the gear when operating on the moulding generating. print-rile oi' :n-tion, to the lit. that tlicicuttinfz race oi the cutting; eh ment 8 with the sliding, 1 ays N of the. slide 10 form an angle cqua "q the roi'upieinent prt sure angle desired in I cutters or it is only 116*. 2 l :rel'os'r.=, win 1 pitch diameter rennin tired. to obtain 1: dill'ereut 1m mire angle fine gear or cutter by merely di )l in tin angle of pressure. J

-p.lisl:ed by suitable means. or t le, mean... irated and d'w, in aiding application previously referred to. I

liming thus descrin my claim:

1. In a machine of a1. a work spindle mounts. wheel secured to said w. journalled in said slide T ion engaging said gear, k iug provided with a thre portion having threaded engagement 1 member conneited to a fixed member, and means to os: cillate said work spindle. whereby said slide is given a unifm'ni or non unrlhrm rectilinear movement.

2. In a machine of the iaracter set forth. a slide, a work spindle n lntcd on the slide: means for or? lating sai" work spindle, and means he ndtaricou l reciprocating said slide in a t rtion trarn to said spindle comprising a shaft llifltllli'mri on the slide and geared to said spindle said shaft, e tending in the direction of mormnent of the slide and having a threaded portion, and a tire. ineniher having a part in threaded entra n ment with the threaded portion of said she it.

3. In a machine of a; rliaractrl' set forth. a slide and a work spin-is jonrnalicd therein. a gear fixedly secured to said work s nndle, a pinion piorided with a shall. journalled in said. slide and Inca-hing with said gear, a threaded portion of said shaft. 11 member engaging said threads. said nn-inher being adjustable with respect to the member carrying the slide.

4-. In an apparatus of the character set forth, av cutting element, a slide caipying a work spindle disposed at an angle to said cutting element. a gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shaft journallcd in said in rentien, 1

slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with a threaded portion engaging a member fixed with respect to said slide.

5. In a machine of the character set forth, a swivel member, a slide mounted thereon, a cable fastened, to one end of the slide and carrying a Weight at the other end, said Weight exerting force to the slide in one direction, a cutting element, a work spindle mounted in said slide, a gear Wheel fixedly secured to said spindle, a inion meshing with said gear, provided with n pinion shaft journalled in said slide, a threaded portion of said pinion shaft, a member engaging the threads of said pinion shaft, means to oscillate said work spindle whereby theforce excrted by said weight is always in one direction to eliminate play between the gear and pinion and the member engaging the threads of said pinion shaft.

6, In a/iiiiichinc of the character set forth, a swivel member, a slide mounted thereon, a cable fastened to one end of the slide, raid cable carrying a weight on the other end, said Weight exerting force in one direction a cutting element, a work spiillllti mounted in said slide, a gent wheel fixedly secured to said spindle, a pinion meshing with said gear provided with a pinion shaft journalleil in said slide. a threaded portion of said pinion shaft, a member engaging the threads of said pinion shaft and means to adjust sold mom-- her with respect to said cutlii'ig element.

7 In an apparatus of the character set forth, a cutting clement, a reciprocating slide having a Work spindle journaled therein, means for oscillating said spindle and Slllililtaneously reciprocating said slide including a slide actuating shaft journaled in the slide and geared to said spindle, and means to angularly adjust thc'tslidc with respect to the cutting element' 5. In an apparatus of the character set. forth. a cutting clen'ient, a reciprocating carrying work spindle disposed at an angle to said cutting element, it gear fixedly sec ired to said work spindle, a. shaft journiillcd in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said slide being provided with means to angularly adjust some with respect to the cutting: element.

9. In an apparatus of the character set. forth, a cutting element. a reciprocating slide carrying a work spindle, a gear fixedly secured to mid wow}; spindle, a shaft journnlled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, sai-rl shaft being provided with a threaded portion engaging a member fixed with respect to said slide and means to angular-1y adjust said slide and said fixed member with respect to the cutting element.

10 In an apparatus of the character set foiih, a cutting element, a slide carrying a work 5 indie, a gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shaft jourimlled in Said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with a threaded portion engaging an ndjnsb able member fixed with respect to said slide and means to angularlv adjust said slide and said member fixed with respect to said slide to said cutting element.

1]. In a machine of the character forth, a cutting element, a slide carrying a Work spindle angular-1y adjustable to said cutting element, a gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shalt journalled in said slide provided with a pinion en aging said gear, said shaft being provided with ii threaded portion engaging a movable member carried by a fixed member, and means to adjust said fixed member to the am gulzir position of the slide.

12. In a machine of the character so? forth, a cutting element, a work spindle journalled in a reciprocating slide transversely thereof, a gear fixedly secured to said Work spindle, a shaft journalled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said cutting element being angularly adjustable with respect to said transversely disposed Work spindle.

iii. In an apparatus of the choraeier e forth, a cutting element, a work spindle journalied transversely in o reciprocating slide, a gear fixedly secured, to said work spindle, a shaft journ-alled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gong and means to singularly ad3ust said cutting ele ment with respect to said work spindle.

14. In an apparatus of the character set forth, a cutting element adapted to rotate abouts. given nnisa work spindle journalled transversely in a. reciprocating slide and adapted to oscillate on its axis, a gear fixedly secured to said Work spindle, a: shaft, journalled in said slide provi 'led with s pin ion engaging said gear, said pinion shaft, having a threaded portion engaging an adjustable member and means to angulnrly ad just said axes to a given angle.

15.111 a machine of the i'rharscter forth, a cutting element, a slide carrying a work spindle, a gear-fixedly secured to said Work spindle, a. shaft. journoiled in said slide provided with a p nion engaging gear, means to angularly adjust said slide with respect to said cutting element to 5 given complemental pressure angie, and means to zingnlarlv adjust Fill-fl cutting element with respzct to said slide to a given angle corresponding to the helical angle of the teeth of the Work secured to said work spindle.

16. In a machine for grinding gear shaper cutters and kindred articles of manufacture, a cutting element, a slide, a Work spindle journalled in and transversely of said slide,

lit)

a gear fixedly secured to said work'spindle, a shaft journalled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with a'threaded portion engaginga member fixed with respect to said slide, means to angularly adjust said slide with respect to the cutting element to a given pressure angle, means to angularly adust said cuttingelement to the angle of the helix of the work mounted on the work spindle, means toadjust the slide independently of the angular-adjustment of same and independent of'the angular adjustment of the cutting. element to produce a flank fullness in hehcally disposed teeth of ear shaper a work spindle-disposed transversely thereof, a gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shaft journalled in, said' slide provided with a pinion e ging said gear,

said shaft being provid with a threaded portion engaging a nut fixedly secured to a movable spindle, a tail-stock fixedly secured to a swivel member carrying the aforesaid spindle, and means to move said spindle axially thereof to produce flank) fullness or non-flank fullness in gear shaper cutters and kindred articles of manufacture.

18. In an apparatus of the character set forth, a cutting element, a slide carrying a work spindle journalled in and disposed transversely thereof, a gear fixedly secured to said work spindle, a shaft journalled in said slide provided. with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with a threaded portion engaging a nut fixedly secured to a tail-stock spindle adjustable axially thereof, a tail-stock fixedly secured to a swivel member; said tail-stock having journalled therein said tail-stock spindle, and means to adjust said tail-stock spindle axially thereof and fixedly secure same in any predetermined position, means to angularly adjust said swivel member upon which is mounted the aforesaid slide to an angle equal to the complemcntal pressure angle with respect to the face of the cutting element, means to angularly adjust said cutting element about a vertical'center line to the angle of the helix of the work, a weight exeating a force to the slide in one direction, and means to cause an oscillating movement to said work spindle whereby said slide is caused to reciprocate uniformly or non-uniformly as the oscillating movement to the work spindle is uniform or non-uniform.

19. In a machine of the character set forth, a slide, a work spindle mounted on the slide, means for oscillating said work spindle and means for simultaneously rcciproeating said slide in a direction transverse to said spindle comprising a shaft mounted on the slide and geared to said spindle, said shaft extending in the direction of movement of the slide, a fixed member and means interposed between said fixed member and shaft to actuate said slide upon a rotative movement of the shaft.

20.'In a machine of the character described, relatively movable supports, a work spindle on one support, a cutting element on the other support, said work spindle and cutting element being mounted for movements relative one tovthe other, angularly about the axis of the spindle and linearly in a direction transverse to said axis, and means for producing and correlatin said angular and transverse movements inc uding a shaft journaled on the work spindle support at an angle to the work spindle and geared to said spindle, a member fixed with respect to the cutting element support, and means interposed between said shaft and member for causing relative linear movement between said spindle and cutting element upon a rotative movement of said shaft.

21. In a machine of the character described, relativelv movable supports, a work spindle on one support, a cutting element on the other support, said work spindle and cutting element- 'being mounted for movements relative one to the other, angularly about the axis of the spindle and. linearly in a direction transverse to said axis, and means for producing and correlating said angular and transverse movements including a shaft extending at an angle to said work spindle and having a thrust bearing on the work spindle support, intermeslv ing bevel gears fixed to said spindle and shaft, a member fixed with respect to the cutting element support and means interposed between said shaft and member for causing relative linear movement between said. spindle and cutting element upon a rotative movement of said shaft.

22. In a "car generating machine, a work slide, a support for the slide having a guide- Way for the slide, a work spindle journaled on the slide and extending transversely thereof, a cutting element operating in a planetransvcrse to the path of movement of the slide and fixed with respect to the slide support, means for oscillating the work spindle, and means for imparting reciprocating movements to the slide at rates proportional to the angular movements of the spindle comprising a bevel gear on the spindle, a thrust bearing on the slide, a shaft journaled in said bearing and extending transversely of the work spindle, said shaft having a bevel pinion at one end, meshing with said gear and a threaded portion at the opposite end, a tailstock fixed on said slide support and a nut carried by said tailstock and receiving the threaded end of said shaft.

23. In an apparatus of the character setforth, a cutting element, a slide carrying a work spindle adjustably dis osed to said cutting element, a gear fixe ly secured to said work spindle, a shaft journalled in said slide provided with a pinion engaging said gear, said shaft being provided with a threaded portion engaging a member fixed with respect to said slide, the lead of the threaded portion of the shaft, together with the number of teeth in the pinion and gear,

being of such ratio as to cause the slide to move, during one reciprocation, a linear measure of distance corresponding to the measureof the perimeter of a given pitch circle, adapting said cutting element to generate involute-curves having a lead the OLIVER G. SIMMONS. 

